..., Amsterdam Business School, Department of Financial Accounting, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Editor’s note: Accepted by Zhaoyang Gu, under the Senior Editorship of W. Robert Knechel. 25 01 2021 14 07 2023 08 08 2023 2024 crowdsourcing Estimize sell-side analysts...

..., Harvard University, Harvard Business School, Accounting and Management Unit, Boston, MA, USA. Editor's note: Accepted by Daniel J. Taylor, under the Senior Editorship of Mary E. Barth. 1 2 2020 1 10 2021 2022 sell-side analysts investment advice Fintech automation...

... suggestions and comments. Editor's note: Accepted by Mark T. Bradshaw, under the Senior Editorship of Mark L. DeFond. January 2016 February 2019 2020 sell-side analysts Freedom of Information Act stock recommendations equity analysts analysts' recommendations non-public...

... of Chicago's Booth School of Business. Editor's note: Accepted by Mary E. Barth, under the Senior Editorship of Mark L. DeFond. October 2016 May 2018 2019 sell-side analysts analyst incentives earnings forecasts forecast bias Academic research studying sell-side...

...). The possibility of this kind of bias is a major concern because sell-side analysts occupy a position of trust in the capital markets. They occupy this position because the investment community relies on these analysts to produce estimates that are fair, unbiased, and driven solely by professional considerations...

... meeting, Florida State University, and University of South Florida for helpful comments. Editor's note: Accepted by Beverly R. Walther. paid-for analysts sell-side analysts recommendations valuation estimates The enactment of regulatory reforms...