... firms can switch from one external source to another. In the context of life insurance companies that mostly rely on external sources, we posit that such source switches could be driven by managerial incentive either to faithfully report fair values (objective valuation) or to inflate estimates to avoid...

... College of Business, Department of Accounting and Management Information Systems, Columbus, OH, USA. Editor's note: Accepted by Lakshmanan Shivakumar, under the Senior Editorship of Mary E. Barth. 1 7 2019 1 3 2022 2022 fair value earnings management insurance companies...